CIA: Studies in AI and Human Intelligence

Among the articles in the unclassified version of the CIA’s journal, Studies in Intelligence (Vol. 70, No. 1, March 2026) is one titled, “Espionage in Our AI Future: Why Human Intelligence Still Matters.”

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In it, the author, a former CIA case officer (CO) in Latin America, says, “While AI [artificial intelligence] will transform HUMINT [human intelligence] (along with most everything else), this, our oldest form of intelligence collection, will in fact grow in importance. For one thing, as AI makes high-quality technical collection cheaper and more accessible, it thereby boosts HUMINT’s value on the margin. AI will supercharge disinformation and fabrication—and that makes HUMINT’s ability to build and test source reliability over time, and corroborate technical collection, more important than ever. And as AI undermines the security of electronic communications, tradecraft techniques which COs have used for millennia—such as dead drops and brush passes—will find new relevance…”

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The mission of Studies in Intelligence is to stimulate within the Intelligence Community the constructive discussion of important issues of the day, to expand knowledge of lessons learned from past experiences, to increase understanding of the history of the profession, and to provide readers with considered reviews of public media concerning intelligence.

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The journal is administered by the Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI), which includes CIA’s History Staff, Lessons Learned Program, and the CIA Museum. CSI serves as a producer and repository of unclassified intelligence articles, publications, and scholarship.

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CSI’s core mission is to enhance the effectiveness of CIA and the Intelligence Community at large. By learning from the past and assessing current practices, CSI prepares intelligence officers for future challenges. CSI publishes the quarterly journal Studies in Intelligence, books, monographs, documentary films, and web-based content. The CIA Museum is also part of CSI’s range of products.

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All statements of fact, opinion, or analysis expressed in Studies in Intelligence and publications are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect official positions or views of CIA or any other US government entity, past or present. Nothing in the contents should be construed as asserting or implying US government endorsement of an article’s factual statements and interpretations.

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This publication is prepared primarily for the use of US government officials. The format, coverage, and content
are designed to meet their requirements. To that end, complete issues of Studies in Intelligence may remain classified and are not circulated to the public. These printed unclassified extracts from a classified issue are provided as a
courtesy to subscribers with professional or academic interest in the field of intelligence.

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Unclassified and declassified Studies articles from the journal’s inception in 1955 can be found in three locations:

•    Articles from 1992 to the present can be found here.
•    Articles from 1955 through 2004 can be found here.
•    More than 200 articles released as a result of a FOIA request in 2014 can be found here.

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